格式化是通过格式操作使任意类型的数据转换成一个字符串。例如下面这样
<script>
console.log(chopper.format('{0} - {1} - {2}', 12, 24, 25)); // outputs "12 - 24 - 25"
</script>
下面是一个完整的代码，可以复制到自己的项目中。
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8"> </head> <body> <script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script> <script> (function() { var chopper = window.chopper = window.chopper || { cultures: {} }, math = Math, formatRegExp = /\{(\d+)(:[^\}]+)?\}/g, FUNCTION = "function", STRING = "string", NUMBER = "number", OBJECT = "object", NULL = "null", BOOLEAN = "boolean", UNDEFINED = "undefined", slice = [].slice, globalize = window.Globalize, standardFormatRegExp = /^(n|c|p|e)(\d*)$/i, literalRegExp = /(\\.)|(['][^']*[']?)|(["][^"]*["]?)/g, commaRegExp = /\,/g, EMPTY = "", POINT = ".", COMMA = ",", SHARP = "#", ZERO = "0", PLACEHOLDER = "??", EN = "en-US", objectToString = {}.toString; //cultures chopper.cultures["en-US"] = { name: EN, numberFormat: { pattern: ["-n"], decimals: 2, ",": ",", ".": ".", groupSize: [3], percent: { pattern: ["-n %", "n %"], decimals: 2, ",": ",", ".": ".", groupSize: [3], symbol: "%" }, currency: { pattern: ["($n)", "$n"], decimals: 2, ",": ",", ".": ".", groupSize: [3], symbol: "$" } }, calendars: { standard: { days: { names: ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"], namesAbbr: ["Sun", "Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thu", "Fri", "Sat"], namesShort: [ "Su", "Mo", "Tu", "We", "Th", "Fr", "Sa" ] }, months: { names: ["January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December"], namesAbbr: ["Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec"] }, AM: [ "AM", "am", "AM" ], PM: [ "PM", "pm", "PM" ], patterns: { d: "M/d/yyyy", D: "dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy", F: "dddd, MMMM dd, yyyy h:mm:ss tt", g: "M/d/yyyy h:mm tt", G: "M/d/yyyy h:mm:ss tt", m: "MMMM dd", M: "MMMM dd", s: "yyyy'-'MM'-'ddTHH':'mm':'ss", t: "h:mm tt", T: "h:mm:ss tt", u: "yyyy'-'MM'-'dd HH':'mm':'ss'Z'", y: "MMMM, yyyy", Y: "MMMM, yyyy" }, "/": "/", ":": ":", firstDay: 0, twoDigitYearMax: 2029 } } }; function findCulture(culture) { if (culture) { if (culture.numberFormat) { return culture; } if (typeof culture === STRING) { var cultures = chopper.cultures; return cultures[culture] || cultures[culture.split("-")[0]] || null; } return null; } return null; } function getCulture(culture) { if (culture) { culture = findCulture(culture); } return culture || chopper.cultures.current; } function expandNumberFormat(numberFormat) { numberFormat.groupSizes = numberFormat.groupSize; numberFormat.percent.groupSizes = numberFormat.percent.groupSize; numberFormat.currency.groupSizes = numberFormat.currency.groupSize; } chopper.culture = function(cultureName) { var cultures = chopper.cultures, culture; if (cultureName !== undefined) { culture = findCulture(cultureName) || cultures[EN]; culture.calendar = culture.calendars.standard; cultures.current = culture; if (globalize && !globalize.load) { expandNumberFormat(culture.numberFormat); } } else { return cultures.current; } }; chopper.culture(EN); //number formatting function formatNumber(number, format, culture) { culture = getCulture(culture); var numberFormat = culture.numberFormat, groupSize = numberFormat.groupSize[0], groupSeparator = numberFormat[COMMA], decimal = numberFormat[POINT], precision = numberFormat.decimals, pattern = numberFormat.pattern[0], literals = [], symbol, isCurrency, isPercent, customPrecision, formatAndPrecision, negative = number < 0, integer, fraction, integerLength, fractionLength, replacement = EMPTY, value = EMPTY, idx, length, ch, hasGroup, hasNegativeFormat, decimalIndex, sharpIndex, zeroIndex, hasZero, hasSharp, percentIndex, currencyIndex, startZeroIndex, start = -1, end; //return empty string if no number if (number === undefined) { return EMPTY; } if (!isFinite(number)) { return number; } //if no format then return number.toString() or number.toLocaleString() if culture.name is not defined if (!format) { return culture.name.length ? number.toLocaleString() : number.toString(); } formatAndPrecision = standardFormatRegExp.exec(format); // standard formatting if (formatAndPrecision) { format = formatAndPrecision[1].toLowerCase(); isCurrency = format === "c"; isPercent = format === "p"; if (isCurrency || isPercent) { //get specific number format information if format is currency or percent numberFormat = isCurrency ? numberFormat.currency : numberFormat.percent; groupSize = numberFormat.groupSize[0]; groupSeparator = numberFormat[COMMA]; decimal = numberFormat[POINT]; precision = numberFormat.decimals; symbol = numberFormat.symbol; pattern = numberFormat.pattern[negative ? 0 : 1]; } customPrecision = formatAndPrecision[2]; if (customPrecision) { precision = +customPrecision; } //return number in exponential format if (format === "e") { return customPrecision ? number.toExponential(precision) : number.toExponential(); // toExponential() and toExponential(undefined) differ in FF #653438. } // multiply if format is percent if (isPercent) { number *= 100; } number = round(number, precision); negative = number < 0; number = number.split(POINT); integer = number[0]; fraction = number[1]; //exclude "-" if number is negative. if (negative) { integer = integer.substring(1); } value = integer; integerLength = integer.length; //add group separator to the number if it is longer enough if (integerLength >= groupSize) { value = EMPTY; for (idx = 0; idx < integerLength; idx++) { if (idx > 0 && (integerLength - idx) % groupSize === 0) { value += groupSeparator; } value += integer.charAt(idx); } } if (fraction) { value += decimal + fraction; } if (format === "n" && !negative) { return value; } number = EMPTY; for (idx = 0, length = pattern.length; idx < length; idx++) { ch = pattern.charAt(idx); if (ch === "n") { number += value; } else if (ch === "$" || ch === "%") { number += symbol; } else { number += ch; } } return number; } //custom formatting // //separate format by sections. //make number positive if (negative) { number = -number; } if (format.indexOf("'") > -1 || format.indexOf("\"") > -1 || format.indexOf("\\") > -1) { format = format.replace(literalRegExp, function (match) { var quoteChar = match.charAt(0).replace("\\", ""), literal = match.slice(1).replace(quoteChar, ""); literals.push(literal); return PLACEHOLDER; }); } format = format.split(";"); if (negative && format[1]) { //get negative format format = format[1]; hasNegativeFormat = true; } else if (number === 0) { //format for zeros format = format[2] || format[0]; if (format.indexOf(SHARP) == -1 && format.indexOf(ZERO) == -1) { //return format if it is string constant. return format; } } else { format = format[0]; } percentIndex = format.indexOf("%"); currencyIndex = format.indexOf("$"); isPercent = percentIndex != -1; isCurrency = currencyIndex != -1; //multiply number if the format has percent if (isPercent) { number *= 100; } if (isCurrency && format[currencyIndex - 1] === "\\") { format = format.split("\\").join(""); isCurrency = false; } if (isCurrency || isPercent) { //get specific number format information if format is currency or percent numberFormat = isCurrency ? numberFormat.currency : numberFormat.percent; groupSize = numberFormat.groupSize[0]; groupSeparator = numberFormat[COMMA]; decimal = numberFormat[POINT]; precision = numberFormat.decimals; symbol = numberFormat.symbol; } hasGroup = format.indexOf(COMMA) > -1; if (hasGroup) { format = format.replace(commaRegExp, EMPTY); } decimalIndex = format.indexOf(POINT); length = format.length; if (decimalIndex != -1) { fraction = number.toString().split("e"); if (fraction[1]) { fraction = round(number, Math.abs(fraction[1])); } else { fraction = fraction[0]; } fraction = fraction.split(POINT)[1] || EMPTY; zeroIndex = format.lastIndexOf(ZERO) - decimalIndex; sharpIndex = format.lastIndexOf(SHARP) - decimalIndex; hasZero = zeroIndex > -1; hasSharp = sharpIndex > -1; idx = fraction.length; if (!hasZero && !hasSharp) { format = format.substring(0, decimalIndex) + format.substring(decimalIndex + 1); length = format.length; decimalIndex = -1; idx = 0; } if (hasZero && zeroIndex > sharpIndex) { idx = zeroIndex; } else if (sharpIndex > zeroIndex) { if (hasSharp && idx > sharpIndex) { idx = sharpIndex; } else if (hasZero && idx < zeroIndex) { idx = zeroIndex; } } if (idx > -1) { number = round(number, idx); } } else { number = round(number); } sharpIndex = format.indexOf(SHARP); startZeroIndex = zeroIndex = format.indexOf(ZERO); //define the index of the first digit placeholder if (sharpIndex == -1 && zeroIndex != -1) { start = zeroIndex; } else if (sharpIndex != -1 && zeroIndex == -1) { start = sharpIndex; } else { start = sharpIndex > zeroIndex ? zeroIndex : sharpIndex; } sharpIndex = format.lastIndexOf(SHARP); zeroIndex = format.lastIndexOf(ZERO); //define the index of the last digit placeholder if (sharpIndex == -1 && zeroIndex != -1) { end = zeroIndex; } else if (sharpIndex != -1 && zeroIndex == -1) { end = sharpIndex; } else { end = sharpIndex > zeroIndex ? sharpIndex : zeroIndex; } if (start == length) { end = start; } if (start != -1) { value = number.toString().split(POINT); integer = value[0]; fraction = value[1] || EMPTY; integerLength = integer.length; fractionLength = fraction.length; if (negative && (number * -1) >= 0) { negative = false; } //add group separator to the number if it is longer enough if (hasGroup) { if (integerLength === groupSize && integerLength < decimalIndex - startZeroIndex) { integer = groupSeparator + integer; } else if (integerLength > groupSize) { value = EMPTY; for (idx = 0; idx < integerLength; idx++) { if (idx > 0 && (integerLength - idx) % groupSize === 0) { value += groupSeparator; } value += integer.charAt(idx); } integer = value; } } number = format.substring(0, start); if (negative && !hasNegativeFormat) { number += "-"; } for (idx = start; idx < length; idx++) { ch = format.charAt(idx); if (decimalIndex == -1) { if (end - idx < integerLength) { number += integer; break; } } else { if (zeroIndex != -1 && zeroIndex < idx) { replacement = EMPTY; } if ((decimalIndex - idx) <= integerLength && decimalIndex - idx > -1) { number += integer; idx = decimalIndex; } if (decimalIndex === idx) { number += (fraction ? decimal : EMPTY) + fraction; idx += end - decimalIndex + 1; continue; } } if (ch === ZERO) { number += ch; replacement = ch; } else if (ch === SHARP) { number += replacement; } } if (end >= start) { number += format.substring(end + 1); } //replace symbol placeholders if (isCurrency || isPercent) { value = EMPTY; for (idx = 0, length = number.length; idx < length; idx++) { ch = number.charAt(idx); value += (ch === "$" || ch === "%") ? symbol : ch; } number = value; } &nbs