Room
Room是Google为了简化旧版的SQLite操作专门提供的
1.拥有了SQLite的所有操作功能
2.使用简单(类似于Retrofit),通过注解的方式实现相关功能。编译时自动生成实现类impl
3.LiveData,LifeCycle,Paging天然融合支持
导入
... plugins { id 'com.android.application' id 'kotlin-android' id 'kotlin-android-extensions' id 'kotlin-kapt' } dependencies { //room数据库 implementation "androidx.room:room-runtime:2.2.5" kapt "androidx.room:room-compiler:2.2.5" // Kotlin 使用 kapt implementation "androidx.room:room-ktx:2.2.5"//Coroutines support for Room 协程操作库 //lifecycle implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-extensions:2.2.0' implementation 'androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-runtime-ktx:2.2.0' }
User
package com.zhangyu.myroom.data import android.os.Parcelable import androidx.room.Entity import androidx.room.PrimaryKey import kotlinx.android.parcel.Parcelize @Parcelize @Entity(tableName = "User") data class User( @PrimaryKey var id: String, var name: String ) : Parcelable
UserDao
package com.zhangyu.myroom.data import androidx.room.* @Dao interface UserDao { @Insert(onConflict = OnConflictStrategy.REPLACE) fun putUser(cacheBean: User) @Query("select * from User where id =:id") suspend fun getUser(id: String): User? @Query("select * from User") suspend fun getAllUser(): List<User>? @Delete fun delete(user: User) @Update(onConflict = OnConflictStrategy.REPLACE) fun update(user: User) }
UserDatabase
package com.zhangyu.myroom.data import android.util.Log import androidx.room.Database import androidx.room.Room import androidx.room.RoomDatabase import androidx.sqlite.db.SupportSQLiteDatabase import com.zhangyu.myroom.App private const val TAG = "CacheDataBase" //后续的数据库升级是根据这个version来比较的,exportSchema导出架构 @Database(entities = [User::class], version = 1, exportSchema = false) abstract class UserDatabase : RoomDatabase() { companion object { var dataBase: UserDatabase init { //如果databaseBuilder改为inMemoryDatabaseBuilder则创建一个内存数据库(进程销毁后,数据丢失) dataBase = Room.databaseBuilder(App.context, UserDatabase::class.java, "db_user") //是否允许在主线程进行查询 .allowMainThreadQueries() //数据库创建和打开后的回调,可以重写其中的方法 .addCallback(object : Callback() { override fun onCreate(db: SupportSQLiteDatabase) { super.onCreate(db) Log.d(TAG, "onCreate: db_user") } }) //数据库升级异常之后的回滚 .fallbackToDestructiveMigration() .build() } } abstract fun getUserDao(): UserDao }
MainActivity
package com.zhangyu.myroom import android.os.Bundle import android.util.Log import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity import androidx.lifecycle.lifecycleScope import com.zhangyu.myroom.data.User import com.zhangyu.myroom.data.UserDatabase import kotlinx.coroutines.launch private const val TAG = "MainActivity" class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() { override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) setContentView(R.layout.activity_main) testCache() } private fun testCache() { val userDao = UserDatabase.dataBase.getUserDao() userDao.putUser(User("1001", "zhangyu")) userDao.putUser(User("1002", "liming")) lifecycleScope.launch { val users = userDao.getAllUser() Log.e(TAG, "users: $users") val user = userDao.getUser("1001") Log.e(TAG, "user: $user") Log.e(TAG, "testCache: 协程执行完毕") } Log.e(TAG, "testCache: ") } }
结果
E/MainActivity: testCache:
E/MainActivity: users: [User(id=1001, name=zhangyu), User(id=1002, name=liming)]
E/MainActivity: user: User(id=1001, name=zhangyu)
E/MainActivity: testCache: 协程执行完毕
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